LC Resonant Frequency Calculator — with Q and bandwidth

Resonant frequency, Q factor and bandwidth for LC tank circuits.

Example: 100 µH with 1 nF resonates at 503.3 kHz, with a characteristic impedance of 316.2 Ω.

Formula

f₀ = 1 / (2π√(LC))    Z₀ = √(L/C)

Worked example

100 µH with 1 nF resonates at 503.3 kHz, with a characteristic impedance of 316.2 Ω.

  1. f₀ = 1 / (2π√(LC))

    1 / (2π√(100 µH × 1 nF))

    503.3 kHz

    At this frequency X_L equals X_C and the two cancel.

  2. Z₀ = √(L/C)

    √(100 µH / 1 nF)

    316.2 Ω

  3. Q = Z₀ / R

    316.2 Ω / 10 Ω

    31.62

    In a series circuit, resistance lowers Q — you want it small.

  4. BW = f₀ / Q

    503.3 kHz / 31.62

    15.92 kHz

Frequently asked questions

How do I calculate LC resonant frequency?

f₀ = 1 / (2π√(LC)). A 100 µH inductor with a 1 nF capacitor resonates at about 503 kHz. Note the square root: to halve the frequency you must quadruple L or C.

What is Q factor?

How sharp the resonance is — the ratio of resonant frequency to bandwidth. High Q means a narrow, tall peak; low Q a broad, shallow one. For a series circuit Q is Z₀/R, for a parallel tank it is R/Z₀, so resistance helps one and hurts the other.

Why does resistance raise Q in a parallel circuit but lower it in series?

Because the loss path differs. In series, current flows through the resistor, so more resistance means more loss. In a parallel tank the resistor shunts the circulating current away, so a larger resistance steals less of it and Q goes up.

How much does component tolerance move the resonant frequency?

Roughly half the component error, because frequency depends on the square root of the product. A 5% error in either L or C shifts f₀ by about 2.5%. If both are 5% out in the same direction you get about 5%.

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